IGranada idonsa amehlo kusukela ekuqaleni.Isithunzi se-Alhambra sibhekene nezintaba zaseSierra Nevada, imithambeka ye-AlbaicÃn, imihume yaseSacromonte… Kodwa uma usuqedile izikhumbuzo okumele uzibone, idolobha liqala ukukukhombisa olunye uhlangothi, olusondelene kakhulu, njengokungathi likumema ukuba yingxenye yezimfihlo zalo ezigcinwe kahle.
Kude nemizila yezokuvakasha eningi kanye nezindawo zokubuka ezinabantu abaningi, Kukhona iGranada efanayo eyakhiwe ngamakhona angabonakaliIzindawo zokugezela ezindala lapho kwakuba khona imihlangano, izikwele ezithule, izindlu zendabuko ezinezingadi zezinganekwane, izindawo zokubukela ezingenalutho, kanye nemithombo egcwele umlando. Uma ungathanda ukuthola izindawo ezintathu eziyimfihlo yaseGranada, futhi njengebhonasi, nezinye izindawo eziningi ezingaziwa kangako, qhubeka ufunda ngokuthula: lapha uzothola izinto eziningi ongazithanda edolobheni kwelinye izinga.
I-Alcázar Genil kanye ne-hermitage yomlando yaseSan Sebastián
Ifihliwe ogwini loMfula iGenil ingenye yezigodlo zaseGranada ezingavakashelwa kakhulu.I-Alcázar Genil, ebizwa nangokuthi iSigodlo sase-Abu Said noma iNsimu yeNdlovukazi. Njengoba yayivela kumaSulumane, yayiyindawo yokuhlala yokuzijabulisa yaseNasrid ezungezwe amasimu ezithelo namanzi, futhi nanamuhla isalokhu iyindawo yokukhosela eyimfihlo, naphezu kokuba iseduze kakhulu nesiphithiphithi sesimanje.
Kulesi sigodi, Imibono yedolobha kanye nethafa laseGranada iyamangalisa. lapho umuntu efika khona engazi ukuthi uzolindelani. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kukhumbuza ubuhle be-Al-Andalus, kanye nezinsalela ezikhuluma ngesikhathi esidlule lapho ukuzijabulisa nokuzindla kwakubaluleke njengokuvikela indawo.
Eduze kakhulu kukhona IHermitage yaseSan Sebastián, indawo ebalulekile emlandweni waseSpain okuyinto, ngokumangalisayo, cishe engabonwa. Leli thempeli elincane liqala ngekhulu le-13 futhi ngezikhathi zikaNasrid laliyindawo yokukhuluma ehlotshaniswa ne-Alcázar Genil uqobo, lapho ama-marabout ayefuna khona ukuba yedwa nokuthula ukuze athandaze.
NgoJanuwari 2, 1492, Yilapho umhlangano phakathi kwamakhosi amaKatolika noBoabdil wenzeka khona.Inkosi yokugcina yaseNasrid, uBoabdil, yanikela ngezihluthulelo eGranada, okwaphawula ukuphela okusemthethweni kweReconquista. Kwenye yezindawo zayo zangaphambili, umuntu usengafunda umbhalo okhumbula leso sikhathi, okwathi ngemva kwalokho uBoabdil wahamba waya ogwini, wema egqumeni laseMoor's Sigh, lapho abuka khona okokugcina idolobha ayelilahlekile.
Emakhulwini eminyaka, Indawo yokuhlala idlule ezigabeni zokushiywa, ukulungiswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa okumangalisayo. njengendawo yokuphuzela utshwala. Naphezu kokubaluleka kwayo okungokomfanekiso, ayivamile ukungena endaweni yezivakashi futhi ivulwa ngezikhathi ezimbalwa kuphela, okuhlanganisa nemisa yasekuseni ngeSonto. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, igcina isimo sangempela nesidabukisayo esenza kube yindawo ekhethekile kakhulu kulabo abafuna amakhona ngomphefumulo.
Ingcebo kaNasrid efihliwe: izindlu zangasese ezikhohliwe, izindlu kanye neminyango
Ngale kwe-Alhambra edumile emhlabeni wonke, IGranada igcina ingcebo encane yaseNasrid Njengoba zicishe zifihliwe phakathi kwezindlu, imigwaqo emincane, noma amahlathi, lezi zindawo zinikeza umbono wempilo yansuku zonke ye-Al-Andalus ngaphandle kwezixuku noma imigqa. Izindawo eziseduze, eziningi zivuselelwe ngothando, zibuyela edolobheni njengengxenye yomlando walo wasekhaya.
Enye yazo yi- Izindawo Zokugeza Zase-Arab zase-El BañueloI-hammam eyaqala ngekhulu le-11, etholakala enkabeni yesifunda sase-AlbaicÃn, imenyezelwe njengendawo yesithakazelo samasiko futhi ingenye yezibonelo ezindala kakhulu zezakhiwo zobuSulumane eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia. Ukungena emakamelweni ayo aphakeme, anezibani ezimise okwezinkanyezi ezihlunga ukukhanya, kufana nokubuyela emuva esikhathini eGranada yamaSulumane, lapho indlu yokugezela yayiyindawo yokuxhumana nabantu nendawo yokuhlangana.
Enhliziyweni ye-AlbaicÃn, eduze kakhulu, kukhona Indlu yaseZafra, iyigugu lobuciko bezakhiwo zasekhaya zaseNasrid Kusukela ngekhulu le-14. Yayingeyomndeni onethonya wombuso waseGranada futhi isalondoloza igceke elinobunye, imihlobiso yeplasta kanye nezinsalela zemidwebo, konke okuhlanganiswe namuhla endaweni yamasiko esiza ukuqonda ukuthi impilo yayinjani endlini ehloniphekile yangaleso sikhathi.
Kude kakhulu, futhi ngaphakathi kwesikhungo somlando, kuvela Isango laseBibarrambla, umnyango wasendulo oya edolobheni laseNasrid Ibilokhu inomlando ogcwele izenzakalo eziningi. Yakhiwa ngekhulu le-14, yabhidlizwa ngekhulu le-19 futhi kamuva yakhiwa kabusha ngo-1935 endaweni enehlathi ezungeze i-Alhambra, lapho namuhla ingabonwa khona yizivakashi eziningi. Ama-arches ayo kanye nemihlobiso kuyisikhumbuzo esithule sodonga lwasendulo olwaluvikela i-medina.
Elinye iphuzu elithakazelisayo, nakuba lithe xaxa kwezobuchwepheshe, yileli Imithombo Yemvula Emadlelweni aseGeneralifeLeli damu, eliyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu ye-hydraulic eyanikeza amanzi e-Alhambra nase-Generalife, livela emasikweni amaSulumane. Libonisa izinga ubunjiniyela bamanzi obabubaluleke ngalo ebuhleni bezigodlo nezingadi zaseGranada. Ukuqonda umsebenzi walo kusisiza ukuba siqonde ubuciko besiko laseNasrid ekuphathweni kwamanzi.
Ukuqedela lo mfanekiso wezinsalela, umsele weSango LobulungiswaIfihliwe ngaphansi kwenye yezindawo zokungena ezidumile zase-Alhambra, le ndlela, engaphezu kwamamitha angu-30 ubude, yake yaxhumanisa izivikelo zodonga nezakhiwo zangaphandle. Ngokuvamile ayifakwa ohambweni olujwayelekile, kodwa ihlanganisa, njengezinye ezimbalwa, izici zempi kakhulu nezinobuhlakani zenqaba ebomvu.
Izingadi ezinhle, ama-patio kanye nemithombo yamanzi
Esinye sezimanga ezinkulu kulabo abanquma ukuphuma endleleni evamile ukuthola ukuthi IGranada igcwele ama-carmene, izingadi kanye nemithombo efihliweEziningi zazo zimahhala futhi zinikeza imibono emihle kakhulu. Ziyindawo ephelele yokuhlala isikhashana, ukufunda, ukucabanga, noma ukuvumela isikhathi sidlule nedolobha lisezinyaweni zakho.
El Carmen of the Martyrs Mhlawumbe yisibonelo esihle kakhulu. Njengoba itholakala egqumeni elikhuphukela e-Alhambra, ihlanganisa isigodlo sekhulu le-19 kanye nezingadi eziningi ngezitayela ezahlukene: isiFulentshi, isiNgisi, indawo… Amachibi ayo anamadada, amapikoko azulazula ngokukhululeka, kanye nezindlela ezigobile ezihlahleni kwenza le ndawo ibe yindawo yokungcebeleka yangempela. Naphezu kokuba iseduze nesinye sezikhumbuzo ezivakashelwa kakhulu emhlabeni, izivakashi eziningi aziyinaki, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesikhathi noma ukuqwashisa.
Le ndawo futhi iyadonsa inganekwane ehlobene nabafel 'ukholo bokuqala abangamaKristu abangcwatshwa lapho, futhi kwaze kwaba ngekhulu le-19 lapho yaguqulwa yaba yindawo yasemaphandleni, enezingadi ezenzelwe ukuhamba nokuzindla. Namuhla, ngaphansi kokuphathwa kukamasipala, isingatha imicimbi yamasiko, imikhosi, nemishado, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke ihlala iyindawo yokuthula lapho umsindo wezimoto zedolobha uzwakala khona ngemuva.
Esinye isikhala esikhethekile esiluhlaza yi- Ingadi kaCarmen de la VictoriaNjengoba iyingxenye yeNyuvesi yaseGranada, le ngadi itholakala egqumeni lase-AlbaicÃn futhi inikeza enye yemibono emihle kakhulu nenokuthula ye-Alhambra. Amabhentshi ayo anomthunzi, izitshalo eziluhlaza, kanye nesimo esithule kwenza kube indawo efanelekile yokufunda, yokufunda, noma ukuphumula nje. Nakuba kuyindawo yokuhlala yaseyunivesithi, izingadi zivulekele umphakathi futhi zithola izivakashi ezimbalwa kakhulu kunalokho ezikufanele.
Silandela indlela yeDarro eya eSacromonte, uhambo lusiyisa e- I-Fuente del Avelano, ikhona lemvelo eligcwele izimpawuYakhiwa ngekhulu le-19, itholakala phakathi kweGeneralife nomfula, endaweni eyayiyindawo yokuhlangana kwezimbongi zaseGranada kanye nabantu baseBohemian. Isiko lithi amanzi ayo akhuthaza ugqozi, futhi isimo sendawo, kanye nemibono yeSacromonte kanye nohlaza oluzungezile indlela, kuholela ekukholweni.
Le ndawo ilungele ukuhlela ipikiniki encane noma ukuhambahamba kusihlwa, Kude nomsindo kodwa kuseduze kakhulu nesikhungo somlandoLabo abazama lapha bathola iGranada yasemakhaya, lapho umsindo wamanzi kanye nokucula kwezinyoni kuthatha indawo yesikhashana yamagitare kanye nomsindo wama-terrace.
Imibono eyimfihlo eGranada: okungaphezu kakhulu kweSan Nicolás
Umbono waseSan Nicolás usudume umhlaba wonke, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuphawula kukaBill Clinton mayelana nokushona kwelanga okuhle kakhulu empilweni yakhe. Kodwa-ke, IGranada igcwele imibono ehlukile lapho ungajabulela khona imibono emangalisayo ngaphandle kwezixukuEziningi zazo ziqhele ngemizuzu embalwa ukusuka enkabeni.
Enye yezinto ezikhethekile kakhulu yi- umbono we-churraEndaweni ethule, le ndawo inikeza umbono ohlukile we-Alhambra ohlangothini. Ukusuka lapha, ungabona ngokucacile izindonga nemibhoshongo ebiyelwe uhlaza lwehlathi—i-engeli engavamile ukubonakala kuma-postcard. Ilungele abathandi bezithombe abafuna imibono ehlukene.
El Umbono Wendlu Yokugeza IlangaLe ndawo, etholakala esifundeni saseRealejo, ihlanganisa umlando kanye nezindawo ezinhle. Itholakala eduze kwendlu yokugezela endala, inikeza umbono obanzi wedolobha kanye, ngezinsuku ezicacile, wezintaba zaseSierra Nevada. Ilungele ekuseni kwasebusika nomoya opholile kanye neziqongo ezimbozwe yiqhwa, lapho ukukhanya okucacile kwenza konke kubonakale kuseduze.
Engxenyeni engenhla ye-AlbaicÃn, Umbono Weso LaseGranada Ithola igama layo ngenxa yombono ocishe uphelele wedolobha, njengokungathi uyibuka ngeso lengqondo. Yindawo enhle yokubuka iGranada ivuka ekuseni kakhulu, imigwaqo isathule futhi ilanga likhanya kancane ophahleni nasezindlini eziphansi.
Ezansi kancane, isikwele sika I-San Miguel Bajo iyindawo engahlelekile kodwa ekhangayoAyidumile njengegama layo eliphezulu, kodwa ukusuka lapha uthola umbono oseduze we-Alhambra ne-Sacromonte, kanye nebhonasi eyengeziwe yokukwazi ukuhlala ethalasini futhi ujabulele isiphuzo ngenkathi ubuka indawo enhle. Ilungele ukuhlanganisa ama-tapa kanye nombono.
El Mirador del Carril de San AgustÃn Kungenye indawo yokubuka engaziwa kakhulu ebheke i-AlbaicÃn, enikeza umbono we-Alhambra ngendlela ecacile, futhi, ubheka ithafa laseGranada elinwebeka kude. Imithambeka yalo enamatshe idinga umzamo othile, kodwa umvuzo obonakalayo ungaphezu kokwanele.
Kude kancane ukusuka enkabeni, Umbono Wommeli We-Ravine Inikeza umbono obanzi weGranada kanye nezintaba zaseSierra Nevada ngemuva. Ngenxa yendawo yayo, ivame ukuba nabantu abaningi kakhulu, okwenza ibe yindawo ekahle kulabo abafuna isikhathi sokuthula okuphelele njengoba ilanga lishona futhi izibani zedolobha ziqala ukukhanya.
Phakathi kwemibono eyimfihlo, okulandelayo nakho kuyaphawuleka: Umbono weZeneteItholakala enkabeni ye-AlbaicÃn, le ndawo inikeza umbono oseduze we-Alhambra ne-Generalife ngaphandle kokuxinana kwezinye izindawo ezinabantu abaningi. Ihle kakhulu phakathi nemini, lapho ukukhanya kukhanya ngqo ezindongeni ezibomvu zenqaba.